Wet AMD is an advanced form of macular degeneration where abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina, leaking fluid or blood and causing rapid central vision loss.
Symptoms
Sudden blurry or distorted vision
Straight lines appear wavy
Dark or blank spots in central vision
Findings
Subretinal fluid or hemorrhage
Choroidal neovascularization seen on angiography
Macular swelling or distortion on imaging
Treatments
Treatment commonly involves anti-VEGF injections such as Avastin, Eylea, or Lucentis to control abnormal blood vessel growth and fluid leakage. In select cases, photodynamic therapy may also be used. Continuous monitoring is essential, as repeat injections are often required indefinitely to maintain vision.
Outcomes
With appropriate treatment, vision can often be stabilized or even improved, but the condition typically requires long-term management. Early detection is key to achieving a better prognosis and preserving vision over time.
A. Pseudocolor fundus photograph demonstrating drusen (yellow deposits) predominantly within the central macula.
B. Early-phase fluorescein angiography showing an early choroidal neovascular membrane—the hallmark of exudative (wet) age-related macular degeneration.
C. Late-phase fluorescein angiography revealing occult choroidal neovascularization, characterized by late-phase staining and leakage from a poorly defined source.
D. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) showing drusen and evidence of subretinal fluid.
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